A pronoun replaces a noun to avoid repetition. Choosing the right pronoun depends on: the person (I/you/he/she/it/we/they), the case (subject/object), gender, number (singular/plural), and type (personal, possessive, reflexive, relative, demonstrative, interrogative, indefinite).
Subject pronouns (I, he, she, they) are used as the subject of verbs.
Object pronouns (me, him, her, them) are used as objects.
Possessive adjectives (my, his, their) come before nouns; possessive pronouns (mine, his, theirs) stand alone.
Reflexive pronouns (myself, himself, themselves) are used when subject = object.
Relative pronouns (who, which, that, whose) connect clauses.
Personal Pronouns: • Subject: I, you, he, she, it, we, they • Object: me, you, him, her, it, us, them Rule: Use subject pronoun as the subject of a verb; object pronoun as the object. Example: He gave the book to me. (He = subject; me = object)
Possessive Pronouns: • mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs Note: Possessive ADJECTIVES (my, your, his, her, its, our, their) go before a noun. Possessive PRONOUNS (mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs) stand alone. Example: This is my bag. → This bag is mine.
Reflexive Pronouns: • myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves Used when subject and object are the same person. Example: She hurt herself.
Demonstrative Pronouns: • this, that (singular); these, those (plural)
Relative Pronouns: • who (people), which (things), that (people/things), whose (possession), whom (object)
Interrogative Pronouns: • Who, Whom, Which, What, Whose
Indefinite Pronouns: • everyone, someone, no one, anyone, each, both, all, few, many, several
Fill in the blanks with a suitable pronoun:
_____ is raining heavily today. → It
The book is old but _____ pages are in good condition. → its
She said that _____ would come tomorrow. → she
I hurt _____ while cooking. → myself
The students completed _____ homework. → their
_____ is the best player on the team? → Who
This is the girl _____ won the prize. → who
Please help _____; I cannot carry this alone. → me
The boys enjoyed _____ at the picnic. → themselves
Is _____ bag yours or mine? → this
Both Ravi and Priya completed _____ projects. → their
_____ knows the answer, so no one said anything. → Nobody / No one
He gave the pen to _____ (I/me). → me
_____ are the books I was looking for. → These
The man _____ wallet was stolen reported to the police. → whose
She and _____ (I/me) are best friends. → I
Each of the students has done _____ best. → his/her / their
_____ of the two answers is correct? → Which
They did the work _____; no one helped them. → themselves
We met _____ at the station. → him / her / them
Use 'I' when it is the subject (doing the action): 'She and I went to school.' Use 'me' when it is the object (receiving the action): 'He gave the book to me.' / 'Between you and me.' Tip: remove the other person and test — 'She and me went' sounds wrong because 'me went' is wrong; 'She and I went' is correct.
'Who' is a subject pronoun: 'Who called you?' (Who is the subject doing the calling). 'Whom' is an object pronoun: 'Whom did you call?' (Whom is the object being called). Simple test: if you can answer with 'he/she' → use 'who'; if you can answer with 'him/her' → use 'whom'.
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