Acceleration is one of the most basic physical quantities in kinematics. It measures how fast the velocity of an object is changing. Deriving its dimensional formula is one of the first things you learn in Class 11 Physics.
The SI unit for acceleration is meters per second squared ($m/s^2$).
Since mass is not involved in calculating pure acceleration, its dimension for Mass (M) is zero ($M^0$).
The fundamental formula for Acceleration ($a$) is: Acceleration = $\frac{\text{Change in Velocity}}{\text{Time}}$
To find the dimension, we first need the dimension of Velocity.
Now, substitute the dimension of velocity back into the acceleration formula:
Bring the Time ($T$) from the denominator to the numerator:
Final Dimensional Formula = $[M^0 L^1 T^{-2}]$
No. Acceleration due to gravity is still an acceleration, so its dimensional formula is exactly the same: $[M^0 L^1 T^{-2}]$.
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