Study Guides/History/Ahimsa Paramo Dharma Meaning
Study Guide · History

What is the meaning of 'Ahimsa Paramo Dharma'?

The phrase 'Ahimsa Paramo Dharma' is one of the most famous and profound philosophical statements originating from ancient Indian scriptures. It formed the bedrock of Mahatma Gandhi's philosophy of non-violent resistance during the Indian freedom struggle.

Question (Click to Flip)

Is Ahimsa only about not killing animals?

Answer

No. While vegetarianism is a part of it, true Ahimsa means causing no harm—physical, mental, or emotional—to any living creature, including other human beings and oneself.

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Key Facts

Ahimsa implies not just avoiding physical violence, but also avoiding violent thoughts and words.

It is the first and foremost of the five great vows (Mahavratas) in Jainism.

Mahatma Gandhi popularized this phrase globally.

1. Literal Translation

  • Ahimsa: Non-violence (not causing physical, mental, or emotional harm to any living being).
  • Paramo: Supreme, ultimate, or highest.
  • Dharma: Duty, religion, or righteous path.

Combined, it translates to: "Non-violence is the supreme duty/religion."

2. Origin and Context

While Ahimsa is a core tenet of Jainism, Buddhism, and Hinduism, this exact phrase is notably found in the Hindu epic, the Mahabharata. However, the complete verse from the Mahabharata provides a deeper context: 'Ahimsa Paramo Dharma, Dharma himsa tathaiva cha' This translates to: "Non-violence is the supreme duty, but so is violence in the service of Dharma (righteousness)." This means that while non-violence is the highest ideal, fighting a just war to protect the innocent is equally a supreme duty.

Questions and Answers

Is Ahimsa only about not killing animals?+

No. While vegetarianism is a part of it, true Ahimsa means causing no harm—physical, mental, or emotional—to any living creature, including other human beings and oneself.

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