102nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 2018

The 102nd Constitutional Amendment Act, passed in 2018, is a landmark legislation in India's affirmative action framework. It fundamentally altered the structure and authority of the commission responsible for safeguarding the interests of the Socially and Educationally Backward Classes (SEBCs).

Question (Click to Flip)

What is the difference between a statutory body and a constitutional body?

Answer

A statutory body is created by an Act of Parliament and can be easily modified or abolished by law. A constitutional body derives its power directly from the Constitution, making it much more powerful and independent.

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Key Facts

Passed in August 2018.

Granted Constitutional status to the NCBC.

Inserted Articles 338B and 342A into the Indian Constitution.

Brought the NCBC on par with the National Commission for SCs and STs.

1. Purpose of the Amendment

The primary objective of the 102nd Amendment was to grant Constitutional Status to the National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC). Prior to this amendment, the NCBC was merely a statutory body formed under an Act of Parliament in 1993.

2. Key Changes Made

Inserted Article 338B: This new article established the NCBC structurally, giving it the authority to examine complaints and welfare measures regarding SEBCs, bringing it on par with the commissions for SCs and STs.
Inserted Article 342A: This article empowered the President of India to specify the socially and educationally backward classes in various states and union territories (in consultation with the Governor).
Amended Article 366: Added a formal definition for Socially and Educationally Backward Classes.

Questions and Answers

What is the difference between a statutory body and a constitutional body?+

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