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Night Shelter

A night shelter (also called रैन बसेरा / Rain Basera in Hindi) is a facility providing free or low-cost temporary accommodation to homeless and destitute people, especially in urban areas. Night shelters provide a safe place to sleep, protection from weather, and basic amenities. In India, they are provided by municipal corporations, state governments, and NGOs as part of urban poverty alleviation programmes.

Question (Click to Flip)

What is a night shelter and how does the government provide them in India?

Answer

A night shelter (रैन बसेरा) is a facility providing free temporary accommodation to homeless people in cities, offering sleeping space, basic sanitation, and drinking water. In India, they are provided under NULM (National Urban Livelihoods Mission, 2013) by municipal corporations and state governments. The Supreme Court in 2010 directed states to provide minimum 1 night shelter per 1 lakh urban population. Delhi's DUSIB operates 200+ night shelters.

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Key Facts

Night shelter (रैन बसेरा) = temporary free accommodation for homeless people in cities.

Provides: sleeping space, sanitation, drinking water — primarily overnight.

NULM (National Urban Livelihoods Mission, 2013) provides night shelters for urban homeless.

Supreme Court (2010): minimum 1 night shelter per 1 lakh urban population.

Delhi: 200+ night shelters operated by DUSIB (Delhi Urban Shelter Improvement Board).

2011 Census: ~17.73 lakh homeless people in India.

Night Shelter — Features, Government Schemes, and Urban Poverty

What is a Night Shelter? • A temporary accommodation facility for homeless persons • Provides: sleeping space, roof, basic sanitation • Operated by: municipal corporations, state governments, NGOs • Hindi: रैन बसेरा (Rain Basera) — literally 'place to rest for the night' • Target beneficiaries: homeless, migrant labourers, destitute elderly, pavement dwellers

Features of Night Shelters: • Open usually from evening to morning (overnight stay) • Some operate 24 hours • Basic amenities: sleeping mats/beds, toilets, drinking water • Some provide meals (especially in winter) • Separate facilities for men, women, and families in better-equipped shelters

Government Schemes:

  1. NULM (National Urban Livelihoods Mission): • Launched: 2013 (replaced SJSRY) • Provides: night shelters for urban homeless • Target: homeless, beggars, street children, migrant workers • Under: Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs

  2. Supreme Court Directions: • In 2010, the Supreme Court of India directed all state governments and ULBs to provide night shelters to all homeless persons • Ratio: minimum 1 night shelter per 1 lakh urban population

  3. Delhi Night Shelters: • Delhi Urban Shelter Improvement Board (DUSIB) operates night shelters • Delhi has 200+ night shelters under DUSIB • Free for homeless; include meals during winters

Urban Poverty and Night Shelters: • Urban homelessness is a major social issue in India • 2011 Census: ~17.73 lakh homeless in India • Causes of homelessness: poverty, rural-to-urban migration, unemployment, evictions • Night shelters are a welfare measure — part of social safety net

Challenges: • Inadequate number of shelters in many cities • Poor conditions in some facilities • Lack of awareness among homeless populations • Overcrowding during winter months

Related Terms: • Dharamshala — free accommodation for pilgrims/travellers (usually at religious sites) • Aashray — another term for shelter in Hindi • Urban homeless: counted separately in Census under 'houseless population'

Questions and Answers

What is a night shelter and how does the government provide them in India?+

A night shelter (रैन बसेरा) is a facility providing free temporary accommodation to homeless people in cities, offering sleeping space, basic sanitation, and drinking water. In India, they are provided under NULM (National Urban Livelihoods Mission, 2013) by municipal corporations and state governments. The Supreme Court in 2010 directed states to provide minimum 1 night shelter per 1 lakh urban population. Delhi's DUSIB operates 200+ night shelters.

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