When you throw a rubber ball at a wall, it bounces back. When light hits a shiny surface (like a mirror), it also bounces back. This 'bouncing back' of light is called Reflection. In Class 10 Physics, this process is governed by two strict rules.
Incident Ray: The ray of light coming towards the mirror.
Reflected Ray: The ray of light bouncing off the mirror.
Normal: An imaginary 90-degree perpendicular line drawn exactly where the light hits the mirror. Angles are always measured from this Normal line.
Whenever light reflects off any polished surface, it always obeys the following two laws:
First Law of Reflection:
Second Law of Reflection:
There are two laws of reflection: 1) The angle of incidence is always equal to the angle of reflection (∠i = ∠r). 2) The incident ray, the reflected ray, and the normal at the point of incidence all lie in the same plane.
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