When a ray of light hits a shiny, smooth surface (like a mirror), it bounces back into the same medium. This bouncing of light is called reflection. This physical phenomenon strictly obeys two fundamental rules, known as the Laws of Reflection.
If you shine a laser directly straight down the normal line (at a 0-degree angle of incidence), the light will bounce back exactly along the same path (angle of reflection will also be 0 degrees).
These laws apply to all types of reflecting surfaces, including flat mirrors, curved spherical mirrors (concave/convex), and even rough surfaces.
When light hits a rough surface (like a wall), the rays reflect in many different random directions. This is diffuse reflection. However, at every microscopic point, the Laws of Reflection are still strictly obeyed.
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