Study Guides/Maths/CSA of Hemisphere — 2πr² Formula & Examples
Study Guide · Maths

What is the Curved Surface Area (CSA) of a Hemisphere?

The Curved Surface Area (CSA) of a hemisphere is exactly half the surface area of a full sphere. Since the total surface area of a sphere is 4πr², the curved surface area of a hemisphere is 2πr². The Total Surface Area (TSA) of a hemisphere adds the circular base, giving TSA = 3πr².

Question (Click to Flip)

What is the curved surface area of a hemisphere?

Answer

The curved surface area (CSA) of a hemisphere is 2πr², where r is the radius. This is exactly half the surface area of a full sphere (which is 4πr²). It covers only the dome-shaped curved part, not the flat circular base.

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Key Facts

CSA of hemisphere = 2πr², where r is the radius.

TSA of hemisphere = 3πr² (includes flat circular base of area πr²).

The curved surface of a hemisphere is exactly half the surface area of a full sphere (4πr²).

Volume of hemisphere = (2/3)πr³.

If the radius is doubled, the CSA becomes 4 times larger (since area ∝ r²).

TSA/CSA ratio for a hemisphere is 3:2.

Archimedes first proved the surface area of a sphere equals 4πr².

CSA of Hemisphere Formula

A hemisphere is exactly half of a sphere, cut along a great circle (a plane through the center).

Surface area of a full sphere = 4πr² Curved Surface Area of hemisphere = (1/2) × 4πr² = 2πr²

Where r is the radius of the hemisphere.

The curved surface area covers only the dome-shaped (rounded) part and does NOT include the flat circular base.

TSA of Hemisphere Formula

The Total Surface Area (TSA) of a hemisphere includes both:

  1. The curved dome surface = 2πr²
  2. The flat circular base = πr²

TSA = 2πr² + πr² = 3πr²

Where r is the radius of the hemisphere.

Summary:

  • CSA of hemisphere = 2πr² (curved part only)
  • TSA of hemisphere = 3πr² (curved + flat base)
  • Volume of hemisphere = (2/3)πr³

Derivation from Sphere

The surface area of a sphere of radius r is 4πr². This result was proved by Archimedes, who showed that the lateral surface of a sphere equals the lateral surface of the circumscribed cylinder.

When a sphere is cut into two equal halves along a diameter:

  • Each half (hemisphere) inherits half the curved surface area.
  • Curved surface of hemisphere = (1/2) × 4πr² = 2πr²
  • Adding the newly exposed flat circular cross-section (area = πr²) gives the total surface area.
  • TSA = 2πr² + πr² = 3πr²

This derivation assumes a solid or hollow hemisphere where the flat face is included as part of the surface.

Solved Examples

Example 1: Find the CSA and TSA of a hemisphere with radius = 7 cm. CSA = 2πr² = 2 × (22/7) × 7² = 2 × (22/7) × 49 = 2 × 154 = 308 cm² TSA = 3πr² = 3 × (22/7) × 49 = 3 × 154 = 462 cm²

Example 2: Find the CSA of a hemisphere with diameter = 10 cm. r = 10/2 = 5 cm CSA = 2πr² = 2 × π × 25 = 50π ≈ 157.08 cm²

Example 3: If CSA of a hemisphere = 1386 cm², find its radius. 2πr² = 1386 2 × (22/7) × r² = 1386 (44/7) × r² = 1386 r² = 1386 × 7 / 44 = 9702 / 44 = 220.5 → r ≈ 14.85 cm

Alternative: 2 × (22/7) × r² = 1386 → r² = 1386 × 7 / 44 = 220.5, r ≈ 14.85 cm

Example 4: A bowl is in the shape of a hemisphere of radius 21 cm. Find the inner curved surface area. CSA = 2πr² = 2 × (22/7) × 21² = 2 × (22/7) × 441 = 2 × 1386 = 2772 cm²

Comparison: Sphere vs Hemisphere Surface Areas

Understanding how hemisphere areas relate to a full sphere:

ShapeSurface Area
Full Sphere4πr²
Hemisphere CSA (dome only)2πr²
Hemisphere TSA (dome + base)3πr²

Key observations:

  • CSA of hemisphere = (1/2) × CSA of sphere
  • TSA of hemisphere = (3/4) × CSA of sphere
  • Volume of hemisphere = (2/3)πr³ = (1/2) × volume of sphere

Common applications: bowls, domes of buildings, satellite dishes, and half-sphere containers are all modelled as hemispheres.

Questions and Answers

What is the curved surface area of a hemisphere?+

The curved surface area (CSA) of a hemisphere is 2πr², where r is the radius. This is exactly half the surface area of a full sphere (which is 4πr²). It covers only the dome-shaped curved part, not the flat circular base.

What is the total surface area of a hemisphere?+

The total surface area (TSA) of a hemisphere is 3πr². It is the sum of the curved surface area (2πr²) and the area of the flat circular base (πr²), giving TSA = 2πr² + πr² = 3πr².

Find the CSA and TSA of a hemisphere with radius 14 cm.+

CSA = 2πr² = 2 × (22/7) × 14² = 2 × (22/7) × 196 = 2 × 616 = 1232 cm². TSA = 3πr² = 3 × (22/7) × 196 = 3 × 616 = 1848 cm².

What is the difference between CSA and TSA of a hemisphere?+

CSA (Curved Surface Area) = 2πr² covers only the rounded dome part. TSA (Total Surface Area) = 3πr² covers the dome plus the flat circular base (πr²). Their difference is πr², which is the area of the circular base.

What is the volume of a hemisphere?+

The volume of a hemisphere = (2/3)πr³, where r is the radius. It is exactly half the volume of a full sphere (which is 4πr³/3).

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