In a federal country like India, power is divided between the Central Government and the State Governments. This division of power is clearly written in the Seventh Schedule of the Indian Constitution, which contains three lists: The Union List, The State List, and the Concurrent List.
Location: Seventh Schedule of the Indian Constitution.
Concept borrowed from: The Constitution of Australia.
Current Number of Subjects: 52 items (originally 47).
Power: Both Central and State governments can make laws.
Conflict Resolution: Central law overrules State law.
The Concurrent List is a list of subjects of common interest to both the Union (Central) Government and the State Governments. Both the Parliament (at the center) and the State Legislatures have the constitutional power to make laws on the subjects mentioned in this list.
Because both the Central and State governments can make laws on the same subject in the Concurrent List, conflicts can arise. If a State law contradicts a Central law on the exact same subject, the Constitution clearly states that the Central law will prevail and the State law will become invalid.
Currently, there are 52 items on the Concurrent List. Some of the most important subjects include:
It is a constitutional list of subjects on which both the Central and State governments have the power to make laws.
If there is a conflict, the law made by the Central Government (Union Parliament) will prevail over the State law.
Yes, education was moved from the State List to the Concurrent List by the 42nd Amendment in 1976.
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