The Brahmo Samaj was a landmark Hindu socio-religious reform movement founded by Raja Ram Mohan Roy in Calcutta (Kolkata) in 1828. It was one of the first organized efforts to modernize Hinduism and fight deeply rooted social evils.
Founded: 1828, Calcutta.
Founder: Raja Ram Mohan Roy.
Key Achievement: Abolition of Sati (1829).
Later Leaders: Debendranath Tagore, Keshab Chandra Sen.
Roy's Title: 'Father of Modern India' / 'Father of Indian Renaissance'.
Raja Ram Mohan Roy (1772–1833) was a brilliant scholar who knew Sanskrit, Persian, Arabic, English, and several Indian languages. He was deeply influenced by Western rationalism and Enlightenment thinking. He believed Hinduism had been corrupted over centuries by superstition, idol worship, and inhuman practices.
The Brahmo Samaj fought against:
It promoted: monotheism (worship of one formless God), women's rights, and rational thinking.
After Roy's death, the Brahmo Samaj was led by Debendranath Tagore (father of Rabindranath Tagore) and later Keshab Chandra Sen, who further expanded its social reform agenda.
The Brahmo Samaj was founded by Raja Ram Mohan Roy in 1828 in Calcutta.
The most significant achievement was the abolition of the practice of Sati in 1829, largely due to Raja Ram Mohan Roy's campaign.
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