Difference Between Bhangar and Khadar Soil

Khadar is the New Alluvial Soil.

• Location: It is found in the low-lying areas right next to the river banks (the floodplains).
• Formation: Because these areas flood almost every single year during the monsoon, the river deposits a fresh, new layer of fine silt annually.
• Fertility: Because it is renewed every year, Khadar soil is extremely fine, highly fertile, and ideal for intensive agriculture (growing wheat, rice, sugarcane).

Bhangar is the Old Alluvial Soil.

• Location: It is found on the higher terraces, far away from the active river banks.
• Formation: This soil was deposited thousands of years ago when the river flowed at a higher level. Because it is located high up, modern floodwaters never reach it, so it is never renewed.
• Fertility: Bhangar is relatively less fertile than Khadar. It is coarse and contains a high concentration of hard, chalky calcium carbonate nodules known locally as 'Kankar'.