Study Guides/History/Self Respect Movement
Study Guide · History

What was the Self Respect Movement?

The Self Respect Movement was one of the most radical and revolutionary social reform movements in Indian history. It was founded by Erode Venkatappa Ramasamy, universally known as 'Periyar', in Tamil Nadu in 1925.

Question (Click to Flip)

What was the Self Respect Movement?

Answer

It was a social reform movement founded by Periyar in 1925 in Tamil Nadu to fight caste discrimination, give dignity to lower-caste people, and eliminate Brahminical religious dominance.

Card 1 of 2 free previews

Key Facts

Founded: 1925, Tamil Nadu.

Founder: Periyar E.V. Ramasamy.

Core Demand: Social equality, dignity, and rejection of caste hierarchy.

Achievement: 'Self-respect marriages' without priests were legally recognized.

Political Legacy: Foundation of the Dravidian political movement.

Why was it Founded?

Periyar launched this movement after deeply observing that:

  • Lower-caste people were being brutally humiliated by upper-caste society.
  • The Hindu caste system denied dignity, education, and basic rights to Dalits and lower castes.
  • Brahmin priests controlled religious ceremonies, demanding money from poor people.

His mission was to give every Tamil person — regardless of caste — the right to self-respect and dignity.

Key Demands and Actions

  1. Conducted 'Self-Respect Marriages' — Weddings performed without a priest or caste-based rituals, legally recognized later by Tamil Nadu government.
  2. Opposed idolatry and religious superstition.
  3. Promoted widow remarriage and women's rights.
  4. Burned copies of Manu Smriti — a Hindu text seen as the legal basis of caste discrimination.

Legacy

Periyar's movement permanently changed Tamil Nadu's social and political landscape. The Dravidian parties (DMK and AIADMK) that have ruled Tamil Nadu for decades trace their ideology directly to the Self Respect Movement.

Questions and Answers

What was the Self Respect Movement?+

It was a social reform movement founded by Periyar in 1925 in Tamil Nadu to fight caste discrimination, give dignity to lower-caste people, and eliminate Brahminical religious dominance.

Who founded the Self Respect Movement?+

Periyar E.V. Ramasamy (also called 'Thanthai Periyar') founded the Self Respect Movement in Tamil Nadu in 1925.

More in History

Study Smarter with Shinyu.ai

Turn this guide into revision flashcards, a practice exam, or an AI-generated podcast — free, no signup required.