CrPC full form is Code of Criminal Procedure (दंड प्रक्रिया संहिता). The CrPC 1973 was the procedural law that governed the investigation, trial, and sentencing process for criminal cases in India. In 2023, CrPC was replaced by the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS), 2023, which came into force on 1 July 2024.
CrPC full form = Code of Criminal Procedure (दंड प्रक्रिया संहिता).
CrPC 1973 governed arrest, bail, trial, and sentencing procedure in India.
CrPC is procedural law; IPC is substantive law.
Key section: 154 (FIR), 155 (NC report), 437/439 (bail).
CrPC replaced by BNSS (Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita) 2023, effective 1 July 2024.
IPC replaced by BNS 2023; IEA replaced by BSA 2023.
Full Form: Code of Criminal Procedure Hindi: दंड प्रक्रिया संहिता (Dand Prakriya Sanhita) Enacted: 1973 | Effective: 1 April 1974 Replaced by: Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS), 2023 (effective 1 July 2024)
What is CrPC? • CrPC = the procedural law (NOT substantive law) for criminal matters in India • While IPC (Indian Penal Code) defines crimes and punishments, CrPC defines HOW police, courts, and prosecutors handle criminal cases • Covers: FIR registration, arrest, bail, trial procedure, sentencing, appeals
Key Sections of CrPC (for reference): • Section 154 — FIR (First Information Report) registration (Cognizable offences) • Section 155 — Non-cognizable offences (NC complaint) • Section 156 — Police power to investigate cognizable offences • Section 161 — Examination of witnesses by police • Section 164 — Recording of confession/statements by magistrate • Section 167 — Remand procedure (police custody / judicial custody) • Section 173 — Police report (charge sheet) to magistrate • Section 320 — Compounding of offences • Section 357 — Compensation to victims • Section 374 — Appeals against conviction • Section 437/439 — Bail provisions
CrPC vs IPC:
| CrPC | IPC |
|---|---|
| Procedural law | Substantive law |
| How to prosecute | What is a crime |
| Governs FIR, trial, bail | Defines offences and punishments |
| Replaced by BNSS 2023 | Replaced by BNS 2023 |
New Law (BNSS 2023): • CrPC → BNSS (Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita) • IPC → BNS (Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita) • IEA → BSA (Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam) • Effective: 1 July 2024
CrPC full form is Code of Criminal Procedure (दंड प्रक्रिया संहिता). It was the procedural law in India governing how criminal cases are investigated, tried, and sentenced. Enacted in 1973 and effective from 1 April 1974, it has now been replaced by the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS) 2023, effective 1 July 2024.
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