Finding the oxidation state of each element in a compound is a fundamental skill in Class 11 Redox Chemistry. CO (Carbon Monoxide) is a common example.
Carbon monoxide (CO) is a colourless, odourless, and highly toxic gas. It binds to haemoglobin ~240 times more strongly than oxygen, preventing oxygen delivery to tissues — causing CO poisoning.
In CO (Carbon Monoxide):
Rule: Oxidation state of Oxygen = -2 (standard rule for oxygen in compounds)
Let oxidation state of Carbon = x
For a neutral molecule, sum of all oxidation states = 0:
x + (-2) = 0
x = +2
Oxidation state of Carbon in CO = +2
| Compound | Oxidation state of C |
|---|---|
| CO | +2 |
| CO₂ | +4 |
| CH₄ | -4 |
| C | 0 |
As carbon bonds with more oxygen, its oxidation state increases (becomes more positive).
Because C is in +2 state in CO and can be oxidised further to +4 (in CO₂), CO acts as a powerful reducing agent in metallurgy:
Fe₂O₃ + 3CO → 2Fe + 3CO₂
Here, CO reduces iron oxide to iron metal in blast furnaces.
Let x be OS of C. x + 3(-2) = -2. x - 6 = -2. x = **+4**
Atomic Number of Mn — Manganese (Z = 25)
Atomic number of Mn (Manganese) is 25. Atomic mass = 55 u. Electronic configuration: [Ar] 3d⁵ 4s². Group 7, Period 4, d-block transition metal. Full chemistry facts.
What is the Atomic Number of Na (Sodium)?
Learn the atomic number of Na (Sodium). Understand its electronic configuration, chemical properties, and why it is highly reactive.
Atomic Number of Sulphur (S) and Its Properties
Learn the atomic number, atomic mass, and electronic configuration of Sulphur (S). Understand why sulphur has valency 2 or 6.
Number of Atoms in 558.5 Grams of Iron (Fe)
Learn how to calculate the number of atoms in 558.5 grams of Iron (Fe) using the mole concept and Avogadro's number. Step-by-step chemistry solution.
Which Atom Has the Smallest Size? — Periodic Table Trends
Helium has the smallest atomic radius (31 pm). Among non-noble gases, fluorine is the smallest. Learn atomic size trends in the periodic table with FAQs.
Turn this guide into revision flashcards, a practice exam, or an AI-generated podcast — free, no signup required.