The first 30 elements of the periodic table, from Hydrogen (1) to Zinc (30), are essential to memorise for Class 10 and 11 Chemistry. Here is the complete list with symbols and a memory trick.
Elements 21–30 are all d-block (transition) metals — they fill the 3d orbital. They are characterised by multiple oxidation states, coloured compounds, and catalytic properties.
| Atomic No. | Name | Symbol |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hydrogen | H |
| 2 | Helium | He |
| 3 | Lithium | Li |
| 4 | Beryllium | Be |
| 5 | Boron | B |
| 6 | Carbon | C |
| 7 | Nitrogen | N |
| 8 | Oxygen | O |
| 9 | Fluorine | F |
| 10 | Neon | Ne |
| Atomic No. | Name | Symbol |
|---|---|---|
| 11 | Sodium | Na |
| 12 | Magnesium | Mg |
| 13 | Aluminium | Al |
| 14 | Silicon | Si |
| 15 | Phosphorus | P |
| 16 | Sulphur | S |
| 17 | Chlorine | Cl |
| 18 | Argon | Ar |
| 19 | Potassium | K |
| 20 | Calcium | Ca |
| Atomic No. | Name | Symbol |
|---|---|---|
| 21 | Scandium | Sc |
| 22 | Titanium | Ti |
| 23 | Vanadium | V |
| 24 | Chromium | Cr |
| 25 | Manganese | Mn |
| 26 | Iron | Fe |
| 27 | Cobalt | Co |
| 28 | Nickel | Ni |
| 29 | Copper | Cu |
| 30 | Zinc | Zn |
Elements 1–10 mnemonic: Happy Henry Likes Beer But Could Not Obtain Food Near (H, He, Li, Be, B, C, N, O, F, Ne)
Elements 11–20 mnemonic: Naughty Mg Always Sings Poor Songs Clearly, Ar Kids Capable? (Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl, Ar, K, Ca)
Why odd symbols?
Potassium symbol = **K** (from Latin Kalium), atomic number = **19**. It has electron configuration 2,8,8,1.
Electron Configuration of Nickel (Ni)
Learn the electron configuration of Nickel (Ni, Z=28). Understand the ground state configuration [Ar] 3d8 4s2 and its exceptions.
Hybridization of [Ni(CN)4]2- Ion
Understand the dsp2 hybridization of the tetracyanonickelate(II) ion. Learn about strong field ligands and square planar geometry.
Hybridization of Ni(CO)₄
Learn the hybridization of Ni(CO)4 — Nickel tetracarbonyl. Understand why it is sp3 hybridized, tetrahedral, and diamagnetic.
How Many Valence Electrons Does Nitrogen Have?
Learn how many valence electrons a Nitrogen atom has. Understand its atomic number, electron configuration, and bonding capacity.
Oxidation Number of Nitrogen in NO2
Learn how to calculate the oxidation number (or oxidation state) of Nitrogen in NO2 (Nitrogen Dioxide). The correct answer is +4.
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