When studying the structure of atoms, we classify atoms based on the number of protons (Atomic Number, Z) and the total number of protons and neutrons (Mass Number, A). Based on these numbers, atoms can form pairs known as Isotopes or Isobars.
The radioactive isotope of Carbon (Carbon-14) is used by archaeologists to calculate the age of ancient fossils (Carbon Dating).
An isotope of Uranium (U-235) is used as fuel in nuclear power plants and atomic bombs.
| Feature | Isotopes | Isobars |
|---|---|---|
| Element Type | Same element. | Different elements. |
| Atomic Number (Z) | Same. | Different. |
| Mass Number (A) | Different. | Same. |
| Position in Periodic Table | Occupy the exact same position. | Occupy different positions. |
Isotones are atoms of different elements that have exactly the same number of *neutrons*, but different atomic numbers and different mass numbers.
What is a Flame Photometer?
Learn about the Flame Photometer in analytical chemistry. Understand its principle, working, and how it is used to measure Sodium and Potassium in medical blood tests.
A Football Bladder Contains Equimolar Amounts of Gases — Dalton's Law
A football bladder contains equimolar amounts of nitrogen and CO₂. Using Dalton's Law: partial pressure of each gas = total pressure × mole fraction. Class 11 Chemistry.
Formula of Amine in Organic Chemistry
Learn the general formula of amines. Understand primary, secondary, and tertiary amines, their structural formulas, and IUPAC naming conventions.
Formula and Structure of Ketones
Learn the general formula of the Ketone functional group. Understand its structure and look at the simplest ketone: Acetone (Propanone).
What is Fractional Distillation?
Learn the chemistry of Fractional Distillation. Understand how this massive industrial process separates crude oil into petrol, diesel, and kerosene based on boiling points.
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