When studying the structure of atoms, we classify atoms based on the number of protons (Atomic Number, Z) and the total number of protons and neutrons (Mass Number, A). Based on these numbers, atoms can form pairs known as Isotopes or Isobars.
The radioactive isotope of Carbon (Carbon-14) is used by archaeologists to calculate the age of ancient fossils (Carbon Dating).
An isotope of Uranium (U-235) is used as fuel in nuclear power plants and atomic bombs.
| Feature | Isotopes | Isobars |
|---|---|---|
| Element Type | Same element. | Different elements. |
| Atomic Number (Z) | Same. | Different. |
| Mass Number (A) | Different. | Same. |
| Position in Periodic Table | Occupy the exact same position. | Occupy different positions. |
Isotones are atoms of different elements that have exactly the same number of *neutrons*, but different atomic numbers and different mass numbers.
What are Dobereiner's Triads in Chemistry?
Learn about Dobereiner's Triads in chemistry. Understand the first historical attempt to organize chemical elements based on their atomic mass and properties.
Does Nitric Acid Turn Red Litmus Blue? The Correct Answer
No — nitric acid does NOT turn red litmus blue. Nitric acid is an acid and turns BLUE litmus RED. Only bases turn red litmus blue. Learn why acids turn litmus red.
Define Double Displacement Reaction
What is a double displacement reaction? Learn the definition with examples, such as the reaction between barium chloride and sodium sulphate.
What is Dry Ice? Chemical Formula and Uses
Learn the chemical formula of dry ice. Understand sublimation, why it doesn't melt into a liquid, and its uses in cooling and stage effects.
What Happens When Eggshell Reacts with Nitric Acid?
Eggshell (CaCO₃) reacts with dilute nitric acid to produce calcium nitrate, water, and CO₂ gas. The eggshell fizzes and dissolves. Learn the equation and observations.
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