Lymphocytes in Hindi are called लसीकाणु (Lasikaanu) or लिम्फोसाइट. Lymphocytes are a type of White Blood Cell (WBC/Leukocyte) that play a central role in the immune system. They are of two main types: B lymphocytes (B cells) that produce antibodies, and T lymphocytes (T cells) that are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. This is covered in NCERT Class 12 Biology — Chapter 8 (Human Health and Disease).
Lymphocytes in Hindi = लसीकाणु (Lasikaanu) या लिम्फोसाइट.
Lymphocytes are WBCs; make up 20–40% of total WBC count.
B cells → mature in bone marrow; produce antibodies → humoral immunity.
T cells → mature in thymus; cell-mediated immunity; sub-types: helper, cytotoxic.
HIV destroys CD4+ Helper T cells → immune collapse → AIDS.
NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 8 — Human Health and Disease.
Hindi Names: • Lymphocyte = लसीकाणु (Lasikaanu) • Also written as: लिम्फोसाइट (Lymphocyte) • Lymph = लसीका; Aanu = cell/particle
What are Lymphocytes? • A type of White Blood Cell (WBC / श्वेत रक्त कणिका) • Make up 20–40% of total WBC count • Normal range in blood: 1,000–4,800 per µL • Produced in bone marrow (अस्थि मज्जा) • Mature in thymus (T cells) or bone marrow (B cells)
Types of Lymphocytes:
B Lymphocytes (B Cells): • Mature in Bone marrow • Function: Produce antibodies (immunoglobulins) • Responsible for Humoral Immunity (प्रतिरक्षी मध्यस्थित प्रतिरक्षा) • On encountering antigen → differentiate into Plasma cells → secrete antibodies • Memory B cells → provide long-term immunity
T Lymphocytes (T Cells): • Mature in Thymus (थायमस) • Function: Cell-mediated immunity (कोशिका मध्यस्थित प्रतिरक्षा) • Sub-types: – Helper T cells (CD4+): activate B cells and other T cells – Cytotoxic T cells (CD8+): kill infected/cancerous cells – Suppressor T cells: regulate immune response • HIV destroys Helper T cells (CD4+) → weakens immunity → AIDS
Natural Killer (NK) Cells: • Third type; innate immunity • Kill tumour cells and virus-infected cells without prior sensitisation
Comparison Table:
| Feature | B Cells | T Cells |
|---|---|---|
| Maturation site | Bone marrow | Thymus |
| Immunity type | Humoral | Cell-mediated |
| Product | Antibodies | Lymphokines, cytotoxic action |
| Memory | Yes | Yes |
Lymphocyte Count and Disease:
| Condition | Effect on Lymphocytes |
|---|---|
| Viral infection | Lymphocytes increase (lymphocytosis) |
| HIV/AIDS | T cells (CD4+) decrease |
| Bone marrow disorders | Lymphocyte production reduced |
NCERT: Class 12 Biology, Chapter 8 — Human Health and Disease
Lymphocytes (लसीकाणु / Lasikaanu) are White Blood Cells (WBC) that form the core of the immune system. There are two main types: B lymphocytes (B cells) — mature in bone marrow, produce antibodies for humoral immunity; and T lymphocytes (T cells) — mature in thymus, responsible for cell-mediated immunity. HIV destroys Helper T cells (CD4+). Normal lymphocyte count: 1,000–4,800 per µL. (NCERT Class 12 Biology, Chapter 8)
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