Biology mein 'Koshika' (Cell) kisi bhi sजीव (living organism) ki sabse chhoti, rachnatmak (structural) aur kriyatmak (functional) ikai hai. Jaise ek makan eento (bricks) se milkar banta hai, vaise hi hamara sharir koshikaon se bana hai.
Manav sharir mein lagbhag 30 trillion (30 kharab) koshikayen hoti hain.
Koshika ke adhyayan (study of cells) ko Cytology kaha jata hai.
Koshika jeevan ki sabse chhoti ikai hai. Ise angrezi mein 'Cell' kaha jata hai. Har jeev chahe vah ek chhota bacteria ho ya vishal hathi, sabhi koshikaon se milkar bane hain.
Koshika ki khoj sabse pehle Robert Hooke ne 1665 mein ki thi. Unhone ek cork ke tukde mein microsope ke madhyam se madhumakkhi ke chhatte jaise chhote dabbe dekhe aur unhe 'Cell' naam diya.
Mukhya roop se koshikayen do prakar ki hoti hain:
Mitochondria ko koshika ka urja ghar (Powerhouse of the Cell) kaha jata hai kyunki yeh urja (ATP) utpann karta hai.
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